With the development of microelectronics technology in the 20th century, miniaturized equipment is increasing day by day, which puts forward high requirements on power supply. Lithium batteries have entered a large-scale practical stage.

The earliest application was lithium-sub-primary batteries, which were used in cardiac pacemakers. Due to the extremely low self-discharge rate of lithium sub-battery, the discharge voltage is very gentle. It makes it possible to implant the pacemaker into the human body for long-term use.

Lithium-manganese batteries generally have a nominal voltage higher than 3.0 volts, and are more suitable for integrated circuit power supplies, and are widely used in computers, calculators, and watches.

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, power tools, electric vehicles, street lamp backup power, navigation lights, and small household appliances, which can be said to be the largest application group.